In today’s information-driven society, there’s an ever-increasing preference to measure phenomena such as temperature, pressure, light, force, voltage and current. These measurements can be used in a ...

Native SPICE elements that accurately replicate an op amp’s real-world behavior were nonexistent. A transconductance sourcing current from the rails and transitioning to a resistive state as the ...

Andy recommends favorite resources for basic op amp circuits and includes a portion of TI's AN-20. Test your knowledge with our op amp quiz; answer explanations are included. By 1969, a fledgling ...

The ever innovative and prolific Mr. Woodward has offered “PWM-programmed LM317 constant current source,” an intriguing programmable constant current source which elicited a lively conversation in its ...