The scale of public anger over the automated downgrading of thousands of students’ A-level results highlights how much social and political power algorithmic decision-making now has. As well as ...

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More When it comes to AI, algorithmic innovations are substantially more ...

The original version of this story appeared in Quanta Magazine. Imagine a town with two widget merchants. Customers prefer cheaper widgets, so the merchants must compete to set the lowest price.